|
In filmmaking, a long take or oner is an uninterrupted shot in a film which lasts much longer than the conventional editing pace either of the film itself or of films in general, usually lasting several minutes. Long takes are often accomplished through the use of a dolly shot or Steadicam shot. Long takes of a sequence filmed in one shot without any editing are rare in films. ==Background== The term "long take" is used because it avoids the ambiguous meanings of "long shot", which can refer to the framing of a shot, and "long cut", which can refer to either a whole version of a film or the general editing pacing of the film. However, these two terms are sometimes used interchangeably with "long take". When filming ''Rope'' (1948), Alfred Hitchcock intended for the film to have the effect of one long continuous take, but the cameras available could hold no more than 1000 feet of 35 mm film. As a result, each take used up to a whole roll of film and lasts up to 10 minutes. Many takes end with a dolly shot to a featureless surface (such as the back of a character's jacket), with the following take beginning at the same point by zooming out. The entire film consists of only 11 shots.〔Miller, D. A. "Anal ''Rope''" in ''Inside/Out: Lesbian Theories, Gay Theories'', pp. 119–172. Routledge, 1991. ISBN 0-415-90237-1〕 Andy Warhol and collaborating avant-garde filmmaker, Jonas Mekas, shot the 485-minute-long experimental film, ''Empire'' (1964), on 10 rolls of film using an Auricon camera via 16mm film which allowed longer takes than its 35 mm counterpart. "The camera took a 1,200ft roll of film that would shoot for roughly 33 minutes." The length of a take was originally limited to how much film a camera could hold, but the advent of digital video has considerably lengthened the maximum length of a take. A handful of theatrically released feature films, such as ''Timecode'' (2000), ''Russian Ark'' (2002), ''PVC-1'' (2007) and ''The Silent House'' (2010) are filmed in one single take; others are composed entirely from a series of long takes, while many more may be well known for one or two specific long takes within otherwise more conventionally edited films. In 2012, the art collective The Hut Project produced ''The Look of Performance'', a digital film shot in a single 360° take lasting 3 hours, 33 minutes and 8 seconds. The film was shot at 50 frames per second, meaning the final exhibited work lasts 7 hours, 6 minutes and 17 seconds.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Look of Performance )〕 The long take is rarely used in television, though the police procedural series ''The Bill'' used it to achieve a documentary style effect. Other examples include ''The X-Files'' episode "Triangle" (season 6, episode 3), directed (and written) by the series creator Chris Carter. The 44 minutes of episode are filmed in four 11-minute-long takes that are seamlessly edited to give the impression that the whole episode was filmed in a single shot. The technique is also frequently used in ''ER'', which fits with the show's use of Steadicam for the majority of shots. An episode "The Inheritance / C.I.D. 111" of the Indian suspense drama ''C.I.D.'', broadcast on November 7, 2004, is a 111-minute-long single take. It currently holds the Guinness World Record for the longest single shot for TV.,an Indian film maker Karan Kashyap shot 2 hours and 17 minutes long shot ,137 minutes uncut film name was "Six hours with terrorists in feb 2011,till the date its worlds longest shot,this film is based on India's biggest tragedy 26/11. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Long take」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|